Internal-combustion engine



May 23, 19M. J. c. ADAMS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 2, .1943 2 Sheets-Shedl l lv VNm.

INVENTOR. Juz CCAcZams BY ATTE! RN EYE 23 1944 J. c. ADAMS INTERNAL coMBUsTloN ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 2, 1943 INVENTOR.

ATTDRNEYS Patented May 23, 1944 iiblii S'iiti'i'ES PATENT @FFME iN'EER-NAL-COMBUSTION ENGHNE John C. Adams, Fairbanks, Territory of Alaska Application luly 2, 1943, Serial No. 493,266

3 Claims.

This invention relates .to an internal combustion engine and has for an object to provide a simplified combustion engine, devoid of inlet and outlet Valves and comprising essentially only a gear pump, a heat transfer system, a combustion chamber and a multistage turbine, the only moving parts being two main gears, the internal parts of the turbine, and the fuel pump, the advantage being a minimum of heat loss.

A further object is to provide apparatus of this character which will be formed of a few strong, simple and durable parts, which will be inexpensive to manufacture, and which will not easily get out of order.

With the above and other objects in view the invention consists of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed, it being understood that various modifications may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit or sacricing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the engine taken on the line 2-2of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of the engine taken on the line 3 3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of the engine taken on the line ii-l of Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawings in which like characters of reference designate similar parts in the various views, the internal combustion engine comprises a casing li] formed to provide an upper preheat chamber II, a lower preheat chamber l2, a compressor chamber I3, an air passage It. The air intake passage communicates with an elongated combustion chamber I5 into which atmospheric air is pumped by meshing gears i6 forming a gear pump, located in the chamber I3.

Disposed in the upper and lower preheat chambers ll and I2 are a plurality of tubes Il, Il through which gases after combustion pass to heat the space in the preheat chambers. The incoming air is forced by the gears as indicated by the arrowheads into the heating chambers II and I2 where it is preheated before delivery to the combustion chamber as also indicated by arrowheads, see Figure 1. Idle gears I8 and I9 are located in the preheat chambers and mesh with the gears I6 and I6 to expell all of the air from the gears.

The upper gear I3 is provided with a shaft 20 which is extended at both ends beyond the casing I0 and a conventional multistage turbine 2l is mounted'on one end of the shaft. The turbine drives the upper gear I6 which in turn drives the lower gear. The lower gear is provided with a shaft 2| which is connected to a conventional fuel pump 22 through the medium of a belt drive 23. When the gears I6 are driven the fuel pump is simultaneously driven to discharge fuel through a spray nozzle 24 into the combustion chamber. A spark plug 25 is located in the combustion chamber to ignite the fuel to start operation, it being optional to manually crank the engine, as is conventional through the medium of the shaft 20 to effect starting, and thereafter the intake of air and supply of fuel as well as the combustion of the fuel is continuous.

From the combustion chamber I5 the gases after undergoing combustion enter the small end of the turbine 2l through a pipe 26 and progress to the large end of the turbine and are conducted by pipes 21 and 28 to intake headers 29 and 36 for the upper and lower preheat chambers Il and I2, see Figure 1. The hot gases progress through the pipes I1, Il in the preheat chambers and are exhausted to the atmosphere through eX- haust pipes 3| and 32, and during progress through the pipes heat the incoming air being pumped through the passages to the combustion chamber I5.

It will be pointed out that the pressure operating the turbine is no greater than the pressure of the gas delivered by the compressor to the combustion chamber, the gas having undergone combustion. The gas therefore occupies more volume per unit of weight, and will deliver more energy expanding to atmospheric pressure than is required to compress the gas to combustion chamber pressure,

From the above description it is thought that the construction and operation of the invention will be fully understood without further explanaion.

What is claimed is:

l. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing formed to provide upper and lower preheat chambers, a compressor chamber communieating with both preheat chambers, an air passage for conducting atmospheric air through the compressor chamber through the preheat chambers, a combustion chamber in which the compressed air is forced after leaving the preheat chambers, a fuel pump for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, ignition means in the combustion chamber, a multistage turbine, pipes conducting the gaseous products of combustion from the combustion chamber through the turbine, pipes conducting the exhaust gases from the turbine to the preheat chambers, pipes in the preheat chambers conducting the exhaust gases through the chambers to the atmosphere, pump gears in the compression chamber driven by the turbine, and motion transmitting means for driving the fuel pump from one of the gears.

2. The structure as of claim 1 and in which idle gears are disposed in the compression chamber meshing with the pump gears for expelling al1 of the atmospheric air from the pump gears to the preheat chambers.

3. The structure as of claim 1 and in which the turbine is provided with a shaft on which one of the gears is mounted, the arrangement being such that the turbine drives the pump gears.

JOHN C. ADAMS. 

